Naadam is Mongolia’s most iconic and beloved festival, celebrated each summer to showcase the country’s rich heritage, resilience, and warrior spirit. Known as “Eriin Gurvan Naadam” or “The Three Manly Games,” Naadam features Mongolia’s ancient and time-honored sports of wrestling, horse racing, and archery. This extraordinary festival is more than a competition—it’s a symbol of national pride and unity, with roots stretching back over 800 years.
The Three Manly Games
The heart of Naadam lies in its three traditional sports, each showcasing unique skills and a deep connection to Mongolian culture:
Wrestling (Bökh): Considered the most prestigious event, Mongolian wrestling is a display of strength, endurance, and technique. Wrestlers compete in traditional attire, and champions earn titles like “Lion” or “Elephant,” depending on their victories. The sport is celebrated for its rituals, including the famous eagle dance, symbolizing freedom and power.
Horse Racing: Unlike Western-style races, Mongolian horse races during Naadam are endurance challenges across 15 to 30 kilometers, highlighting the incredible stamina of Mongolia’s hardy horses. Riders are often young children who skillfully guide their horses across the plains, embodying courage and agility. Winners are celebrated as heroes, and the horses themselves are revered as symbols of fortune and strength.
Archery: Archery has long been a skill of survival and warfare in Mongolia. During Naadam, archers use traditional bows to hit targets from a distance, with both men and women competing in this highly respected event. Archery requires focus, patience, and precision, embodying the discipline and skill of Mongolia’s ancestors.
A Festival of Color and Culture
Naadam isn’t just about competition—it’s also a celebration of culture and community. The festival begins with an elaborate opening ceremony featuring dancers, musicians, and even parades of warriors in traditional attire. Families and friends gather to enjoy local foods like khuushuur (meat-filled pastries), listen to folk songs, and take part in the joyful festivities.
The History and Meaning of Naadam
Naadam’s roots trace back to Mongolia’s great empires, when it was held to celebrate military victories and honor the skills of Genghis Khan’s warriors. Today, it commemorates Mongolia’s independence and unites people from across the country. Each year, Naadam reaffirms the spirit of freedom, courage, and unity that defines Mongolia.
Experience Naadam for Yourself
For visitors, experiencing Naadam is a window into Mongolia’s heart and heritage. From the vibrant ceremonies to the thrilling competitions, Naadam offers a unique blend of history, sport, and celebration. Join us in July, and witness firsthand the festival that captures the spirit of Mongolia—Naadam.
